Raw data are highly disorganized and often large and bulky, making it difficult to manage and analyze. Drawing meaningful conclusions from such data can be a tedious process, as they do not readily lend themselves to statistical methods. To facilitate systematic statistical analysis, it is essential to properly organize and present this data. Therefore, after … Read more
Disease resistance Transgenic plants are the plants created through genetic engineering by transferring desired gene into target plant or crops to enhance their ability to resist specific pathogens. Ribosome-Inactivating Proteins Example – experiment Expression of Heterologous α-Thionins Ectopic Expression of PR Proteins Among the most well-characterized pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins are those exhibiting chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase … Read more
Edible vaccines are a form of oral immunization where a transgenic plant is modified to produce vaccine antigens. Edible vaccines represent a groundbreaking approach to vaccination that involves genetically modifying plants to produce antigenic proteins capable of stimulating an immune response. These vaccines are embedded in everyday foods, such as fruits or vegetables, and when … Read more
Insecticide resistant transgenic plants refer to genetically modified plants that have been engineered to possess resistance to specific insecticides.
Citric acid derives its name from the Latin word citrus, a tree whose fruit is like the lemon. Citric acid is a natural acid found in citrus fruits like lemons, limes, oranges, and grapefruits. It is a primary metabolic product formed in the tricarboxylic acid (or Krebs) cycle
Plant Tissue Culture (PTC), a sophisticated biotechnological tool, has revolutionized the propagation, conservation, and genetic improvement of plants. PTC involves the in vitro cultivation of plant cells, tissues, or organs in a controlled environment, providing researchers with the ability to manipulate and study plant growth and development at the cellular level Definition Plant tissue culture … Read more
Agarose gel electrophoresis is a laboratory technique used to separate DNA fragments based on their size. It is a simple and versatile method that is used in a wide variety of applications, including DNA cloning, DNA sequencing, and genetic analysis.
PCR, which stands for “Polymerase Chain Reaction,” is a powerful scientific technique used to make many copies of a specific DNA or RNA sequence.
What is plasmid | plasmid definition Plasmids are small, circular, extrachromosomal double-stranded DNA molecules found in many bacterial and archaeal species. Plasmids play an important roll in genetic processes, giving bacteria important advantages such as antibiotic resistance and the capacity to exchange genetic material. we’ll discuss various aspects like properties, structure, various types, uses etc … Read more
Giemsa staining is a commonly used method in microscopy, particularly in the investigation of blood cells and pathogens.