Secondary metabolites are organic compounds produced by organisms (particularly plants, fungi, and microorganisms) that are not directly involved in their growth, development, or reproduction, but often provide ecological advantages. Many of these compounds have important medicinal applications due to their bioactive properties. Types of secondary metabolites Secondary metabolites can be divided into various types or
Classification of microorganism and taxonomy is one of the important areas in the microbiology field which deals with the classifying organism based on their special characteristics. What are microbes | what is the definition of microbes Importance of Classification and Taxonomy in Microbiology Microorganisms come in many types, and they can look or act very
Sterilization is an important process in the laboratory process. In previously we have seen the different type of growth medium used for cultivation of microbes. Once we have the desired medium in mind for cultivation of bacteria. we need a contamination free environment and the lab ware for preparation of media. What is Sterilization? Sterilization
Insect pests pose a significant threat to global agriculture, causing substantial crop losses each year despite the widespread use of insecticides. Modern farming practices, aimed at maximizing yield, have increasingly relied on chemical insecticides for pest control. However, this heavy dependence on agrochemicals has led to the rapid development of resistance among insect pests, such
Imagine being able to take two completely different plants—one resistant to drought, the other producing high-yield crops—and fusing them into a single super-plant. What if you could manipulate individual cells and create hybrids that nature never could? Welcome to the fascinating world of protoplast isolation, where we strip cells down to their essence and unlock
T cell receptors (TCRs) are critical components of the adaptive immune system. They are responsible for recognizing antigens, which are specific molecules or fragments from pathogens (like viruses and bacteria) that trigger an immune response. Understanding TCRs is essential for grasping how T cells function in immune surveillance and response. Structure of T Cell Receptors
Callus is group of parenchymatic nature of cell which have no defined function. callus culture is technique in which mass of undifferentiated plant cell are grown in artificial media in laboratory. Imagine we want to study how plants grow in space or create plants with super resistance to diseases. But growing full plants can be
Transgenic plants used as bioreactors to produce biodegradable plastics represent an exciting intersection of plant biotechnology and sustainable materials science. This approach leverages the plant’s ability to produce valuable polymers that can be used as alternatives to conventional plastics. Here’s a detailed overview of how transgenic plants can be employed to produce biodegradable plastics: Overview